Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal/ metabolic disorder that affects certain women, often during their reproductive years. In recent years, it is becoming more and more prevalent and the trend is a little more than disturbing. One researcher calls it, “The mother of all lifestyle disorders in women.”
One of the significant concerns associated with PCOS is its impact on fertility. Understanding the interplay of factors is crucial for individuals facing this condition.
Signs and Symptoms of PCOS
Irregular Menstrual Cycles: One of the hallmark signs of PCOS is irregular periods. Ovulation may be infrequent or absent and this lessens the chances of conception and consequently pregnancy.
Hyperandrogenism: High levels of androgens. Androgens are hormones found in higher quantities in men than in women. This can manifest as symptoms like acne, excessive hair growth (hirsutism), and androgenic alopecia (male-pattern baldness)
Polycystic Ovaries: On ultrasound, the ovaries of individuals with PCOS often show small cysts. However, not all people with PCOS have these cysts, and their presence alone does not confirm the diagnosis. Similarly, their absence does not exclude the diagnosis of PCOS.
Insulin Resistance and Weight Gain: Many individuals with PCOS experience difficulties in maintaining a healthy weight, often linked to insulin resistance. Insulin resistance plays a pivotal role in PCOS. The body’s inability to respond effectively to insulin can lead to an increase in insulin levels, which in turn stimulates the ovaries to produce more androgens (male hormones). Elevated androgen levels disrupt the normal functioning of the ovaries, leading to the development of cysts and irregular menstrual cycles. This hormonal imbalance can significantly impact fertility.
In this article series, we will expand upon PCOS, delving into the condition, its causes, consequences and treatments.
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